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Julius Waties Waring (July 27, 1880 – January 11, 1968) was a United States federal judge who played an important role in the early legal battles of the American Civil Rights Movement. Waring was born in Charleston, South Carolina, to Edward Perry Waring and Anna Thomasine Waties. He graduated second in his class with an A.B. from College of Charleston in 1900. He married his first wife, Annie Gammel, in 1913. Their only daughter was Anne Waring Warren, who died without children. The couple moved into a house at 61 Meeting St. in 1915. Waring became an assistant United States attorney and then lead counsel of the City of Charleston in 1930 under Mayor Burnet R. Maybank. Later, Waring founded a law firm with D.A. Brockington. He served as a Federal Judge assigned to the US District Court in Charleston, South Carolina, from 1942 to 1952 and heard several pivotal civil rights cases. He had been nominated to the bench by President Franklin Roosevelt and was initially supported by the establishment of Charleston. After divorcing his first wife and marrying the Northern socialite Elizabeth Avery, Judge Waring quickly transitioned from a racial moderate to a proponent of radical change.〔David Southern, "Beyond Jim Crow Liberalism: Judge Waring's Fight Against Segregation in South Carolina, 1942-52", ''Journal of Negro History'' 66:3 (Fall, 1981) 209-27.〕 Speaking at a Harlem church, he proclaimed: "The cancer of segregation will never be cured by the sedative of gradualism."〔 Political, editorial and social leaders in South Carolina criticized and shunned Judge Waring and his wife〔Prior to April 15, 1949, divorce was not permitted in South Carolina for any reason, see S.C. Const. art. XVII, s. 3 (prior to 1949 amendment), and even after its legalization, remained socially unacceptable to many.〕 to the point where, in 1952, he retired from the federal bench,〔http://www.fjc.gov/servlet/nGetInfo?jid=2504&cid=999&ctype=na&instate=na〕 left Charleston altogether, and moved to New York, where he died in office in 1968 at the age of 87. He is buried in the Waring family plot at Magnolia Cemetery in Charleston.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Julius Waties Waring (1880-1968) )〕 ==Legal career== Waring read law in 1901 and passed the South Carolina bar exam in 1902. He was in private practice of law in Charleston from 1902 to 1942 and an Assistant US Attorney in the Eastern District of South Carolina from 1914 to 1921. He served as the City Attorney for Charleston from 1933 to 1942. In 1938, he served as the campaign manager for Democratic Senator Ellison D. "Cotton Ed" Smith. Waring was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on December 18, 1941, to serve as a federal judge on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina, a seat vacated by Frank K. Myers. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 20, 1942, and received his commission on January 23, 1942. He served as chief judge from 1948 to 1952 and assumed senior status on February 15, 1952. As chief, Waring ended segregated seating in the courtroom and chose a black bailiff, John Fleming. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Julius Waties Waring」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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